Fingerspelling

American Sign Language is a language. It has its own grammar and word order, and uses space and the face to carry meaning. It isn't English with the sound turned off. Fingerspelling is one part of it, used for names, for brands, and for a word a signer wants to quote in English exactly.

So this page spells. Type a sentence and you get that sentence spelled letter by letter, which isn't how anyone would sign it. No tool that swaps one alphabet for another is translating anything, and this one says so where it might actually mislead someone.

It also won't teach you to sign. Handshapes are only part of it, and the rest is movement, position and timing that a diagram can't hold. Lifeprint, run by Dr Bill Vicars, is a free course and the place to go next.

Type on the left and the hands are drawn on the right. Spaces break the spelling into words. Digits get their own handshapes, and anything else is dropped rather than guessed at.

Download saves the result as an SVG, which stays sharp at any size, so a spelled-out name prints as happily as it sits in a slide. This conversion only runs one way. There's nothing to type back in.

Print chart, under the chart itself, prints the alphabet and the numbers on their own sheet for a classroom wall, with the address and a code to scan underneath.

These are right hands with the palm toward you, which is how you'd see someone else spelling. Turn your own right hand so its palm faces you and the thumb lands where it does here. A mirror flips it to the other side.

J and Z carry arrows, because they're movements rather than poses. J is the I handshape drawing a J in the air, and Z is an index finger cutting the letter. The arrow shows the path; a still picture can only show where it starts.

M, N, S and T are the four that beginners mix up. All four are a closed fist, and the difference is entirely where the thumb goes: across the front for S, tucked under three fingers for M, under two for N, and poking up between the first two for T.

The numbers follow the letters. Look at the thumb for 6 to 9. It touches the little finger for 6, the ring finger for 7, the middle finger for 8 and the index for 9. Zero is an O. The drawings show the palm side. On their own, 1 to 5 are usually signed with the palm facing the signer, but in a phone number, a number of two or more digits or a list they face out, as drawn here.

Each digit is drawn on its own, the way you'd read out a phone number. Bigger numbers like 10 have signs of their own that move, which a still chart can't show.

The drawings come from a public domain set by wpclipart.com, the letters by way of Wikimedia Commons. They replaced a set drawn here from memory, which had the wrong shape for six letters. The numbers were checked against the photos on Lifeprint.

Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet went to Europe looking for a method to teach a deaf neighbor's daughter in Connecticut. He was turned away in Britain, where the schools guarded their methods, and found what he needed in Paris instead.

He came home with Laurent Clerc, a deaf teacher from the Paris institute, who spent the 52-day crossing teaching Gallaudet to sign. They opened the American School for the Deaf in Hartford in April 1817, and Clerc taught there for decades.

The manual alphabet came with him. That's why the American one is so close to the French one, and so unlike the two-handed alphabet used in Britain.

Pigpen is the other conversion here that comes out as a drawing, for the same reason: Unicode has no characters for it, so the page draws the symbols instead of printing them. Morse is the other alphabet on this site built for spelling a name out to someone at a distance.

For writing systems rather than spelling systems, there's Ogham and Elder Futhark.